It has been extensively demonstrated that NSCLC patients with EGFR mutated tumors clinically benefit from receiving a first-line treatment with an EGFR TKI, such as erlotinib [12], gefitinib [13] or afatinib [14] reaching a median progression free survival of around 10 months and an OS superior to 22 months in most of the published clinical trials [13–15]. The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.