FMO5 and diabetes mellitus: Further, using antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC), which has been shown to prevent myocardial NADPH oxidase overexpression in diabetes [47, 48] and attenuate myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury [10], we found that, in in vivo model of IIR, pretreatment of rats with NAC not only attenuated NADPH oxidase overexpression and reduced ROS production, but concomitantly reduced MC activation and consequently attenuated IIR injury and increased survival rate.