The most common pre-operative deficits in hormones of the anterior pituitary included: testosterone (80 patients, 61.5% of those with preoperative hypopituitarism), GH (growth hormone)/IGF-1 (36 patients, 27.7% of those with preoperative hypopituitarism), ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) (28 patients, 21.5% of those with preoperative hypopituitarism) and TSH (28 patients, 21.5% of those with preoperative hypopituitarism). Here, POMC is linked to hypopituitarism.