The three remaining CP cases carried smaller de novo CNVs, each characterized as a Variant of Unknown Significance due to a paucity of published reports regarding duplications of these genes22: female 13-009C with spastic quadriplegia (GMFCS V), female 4-10C with spastic diplegia (GMFCS I) and male 13-016C with dyskinetic CP (GMFCS V) had a 351 kb duplication (involving the first exon of PARK2 and the first two exons of PACRG) (Fig. 1 and below), a 48 kb duplication (affecting HSPA4) and 29 kb deletion (upstream of WNT4), respectively. Here, HSPA4 is linked to quadriplegia.