Expression of KLK1, KLK6, KLK7, KLK8, KLK9 and KLK10 protein was assessed by immunohistochemical analysis of grade III (n = 8) and grade IV (n = 60, n = 55 for KLK1) astrocytoma samples. This evidence concerns the gene KLK9 and astrocytoma (excluding glioblastoma).