This is an important diagnosis because glycaemic control can be substantially improved for most of these patients by transferring from insulin injections to high-dose sulfonylurea tablets.9, 11 In patients born to consanguineous parents, the most common cause (56/230 [24%]) of neonatal diabetes was a homozygous mutation in the EIF2AK3 gene causing Wolcott-Rallison syndrome.21 This evidence concerns the gene INS and Wolcott-Rallison syndrome.