INS and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Moreover, Tregs were specifically reduced in the AAT of preclinical insulin-resistant models of obesity [6, 10], while in obese patients some authors described an increase of FOXP3 RNA in the subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) [10] and others found a downregulation of FOXP3 RNA only in obese patients without insulin resistance, while no difference was found when comparing insulin-resistant obese patients and lean controls [11].