TNF and cerebral malaria: In the early stage after the onset of neurological symptoms (day 12 post infection), curcumin, AE (650 μg) and AC-treated animals showed inhibition of P. berghei 18S rRNA, CXCL10 and TNFα mRNAs (Fig. 8c), similar to the results obtained when curcumin was given before the onset of cerebral malaria symptoms.