CD4 and neoplasm: Taking into account the interplay of different leukocyte populations in the tumor, some groups are simplifying the evaluation of the complexity of tumor microenvironment by assuming correlations such as the ratio of CD4/CD8/CD68 (macrophage marker) in human tumors to estimate Th1/cytotoxic based responses and macrophages presumed to be M1 (if CD8/CD68 ratio is high), or M2 (if the ratio is low) [73].