Comparing the serum levels in CHC and HCC patients we can underline that the concentrations of β-NGF, CXCL9, CXCL12, IL-16, IL-18, IL-2R, Leptin, sIL-6Ra were higher in HCC patients and indicated as possible index of the chronic inflammation leading in CHC patients to the HCC development. This evidence concerns the gene LEP and hepatocellular carcinoma.