Considering the relationship between DPPIV/CD26 and cancer, and that the expression and role of this enzyme in human cervical carcinoma is unknown, we report for the first time DPPIV/CD26 expression and enzymatic activity in one HPV-negative (C33A) and two HPV-positive (SiHa and HeLa) cervix cancer cell lines and non-tumorigenic cell line of human keratinocytes (HaCaT). This evidence concerns the gene DPP4 and cervical carcinoma.