We have focused on GATA-3 because mutations or deletions (haploinsufficiency) in the human GATA3 gene cause sensorineural hearing loss as a part of the syndrome of hypoparathyroidism, sensorineural deafness, and renal disease (HDR syndrome)20, 21, 22, 23. Here, GATA3 is linked to sensorineural hearing loss disorder.