With regard to the latter process, it is noteworthy that increased expression of either protein led to enhanced expression of MITF, a transcription factor that regulates the balance between migration/invasion and proliferation in melanoma cells, and particular TGFβ family members, that are known to promote acquisition of a mesenchymal phenotype (Fig. 2) [19, 27, 28]. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and melanoma.