The fact that inflammation and cancer are often seen together (328), with evidence linking prostatitis with prostate cancer risk (329) and high TNFα associated with poorer prognosis with earlier onset of castration-resistant prostate cancer (330), it is interesting to surmise that local inflammatory conditions may impact on the balance of sulfation and desulfation in prostate tissue to drive proliferation. Here, TNF is linked to Familial prostate cancer.