On the other hand, as all patients in our study were HBV-related HCC, with hepatitis B surface antigen, HBV core antibody, hepatitis Be antigen, or hepatitis Be antibody seropositive for at least 6 months, the majority of them have gone through antiviral treatment; but, according to He et al. [45], antiviral treatment (pegylated interferon alpha) can induce a marked decline in IL-18 and remission of hepatic inflammatory in HCV infectors. The gene discussed is IL18; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.