CXCL12 and asthma: Fatal asthma-derived ASM secreted greater TNFα-induced IL8 and lower TNFα-induced CXCL12 as compared to non-asthma-derived ASM, while TNFα-induced CCL2, and CCL13 levels between fatal asthma- and non-asthma-derived ASM were not significantly different [Fig 3].