Interestingly, casp1 was exclusively upregulated by R99 with a statistically significant 2-fold increase 3 h post-infection (Fig 4C) whereas casp3 was regulated by both strains, R99 with a 4.4-fold increase and CT285 with a 3-fold increase at different time points (Fig 4D). The gene discussed is CASP3; the disease is infection.