CXCL1 and tuberculosis: Importantly, all these results in DO mice mimic studies in humans with TB, such that CXCL1 appears to be a good peripheral biomarker of lung disease (Gopal et al., 2013), and cytokines and the ratios are weak but significant correlates (Jamil et al., 2007; Millington et al., 2007; Sahiratmadja et al., 2007; Suter-Riniker et al., 2011; Hur et al., 2013).