TAT and HIV-1 infection: In case of HIV-1 infection, TLR8 recognizes HIV-1 ssRNA during HIV-1 infection, where HIV-1 uses TLR8 signaling to activate NF-Κb for production of Tat-Rev mRNA via MyD88 dependent cascade [30] in dentritic cell but in the same setting when MyD88 was silenced, the replication of HIV-1 was aborted thus suggesting NF-κB activation by TLR8 triggering is an absolute prerequisite for HIV-1 transcription initiation by RNAPII.