PNPLA3 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: The rs738409 polymorphism (encoding I148M) in the patatin-like phospholipase 3 (PNPLA3) gene has been consistently recognized to be a major genetic factor for the development of NAFLD and advanced liver diseases, including steatohepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma [8–13].