Although the PNPLA3 rs738409 polymorphism is the only gene that has been consistently confirmed to be associated with the risk for NAFLD by genome-wide association studies and candidate gene studies [8–13], the exact mechanism underlying the association between the PNPLA3 polymorphism and the incidence for NAFLD is a matter of debate. This evidence concerns the gene PNPLA3 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.