Among the subjects included in the cross-sectional analyses, the mean values of the BMI, waist circumstance, fasting blood glucose, diastolic BP, LDL-C, TG, AST, ALT, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), the prevalence of being overweight, diabetes, dyslipidemia, ever-smoking status and the frequencies of PNPLA3 C/G or G/G genotypes were significantly higher in the NAFLD subjects than in the non-NAFLD subjects, whereas the age, HDL-C and the frequency of females were significantly lower (Table 1). This evidence concerns the gene PNPLA3 and metabolic syndrome.