HSF4 and Hepatic fibrosis: In our study, TGF-β1 is upregulated in Sj-infected mice liver (Figure 1), and TGF-β1 level is suppressed by CTM along with Sj-induced liver fibrosis remission (Figure 2), thereby suggesting that tTG-regulated Sj TGF-β1 is involved in liver granuloma and fibrosis in Sj-infected mice.