ADIPOQ and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Therefore, the aims of this study were, first, to identify a dietary pattern associated with serum concentrations of diabetes-related biomarkers (adiponectin, HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides) by using RRR in a training set of an urban Ghanaian study population (n = 603); second, to apply this dietary pattern score to a validation set of the same study population (n = 603); and third, to evaluate associations of the identified dietary pattern with type 2 diabetes in both sets of the urban Ghanaian study population.