Furthermore, CTLA-4 antibody blockade has been shown to reduce MDSC suppressive potency in vitro, and in vivo in a murine ovarian carcinoma model, and this effect was achieved both indirectly through inhibiting T cell-MDSC interaction [24,25] and directly through binding to CTLA-4 expressed on MDSC [26]. Here, CTLA4 is linked to ovarian carcinoma.