Pim-1 has a role in hypoxia-induced chemoresistance in a HIF1α-independent manner by altering mitochondrial transmembrane potential and the activity of caspases-3 and -9.68 Knockdown of Pim-1 resensitizes cells to chemotherapy.68 Treatment with bortezomib increases Pim half-life by prevention of Pim proteasomal degradation,23 and it is possible that by this mechanism, Pims have a role in resistance to proteasome inhibitors in MM. Here, PIM1 is linked to Miyoshi myopathy.