TGFB1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: To address whether an activated EMT pathway drives chemoresistance in NSCLC, we performed loss-of-function analyses by treating chemoresistant H358 cells with kaempferol, a natural flavonoid existing in dietary plants and recently identified as an EMT inhibitor.39 Confirming the previous report,39 kaempferol treatment induced a morphological transition from mesenchymal-to-epithelial phenotype in H358_EMT cells (Figure 3a; Supplementary Figure S5), generated by treating H358 cells with TGF-β, and in MTA-resistant H358_R cells (Figures 1b, 2d and 3d; Supplementary Figure S7A).