IRS2 and diabetes mellitus: Deafness (258,259) is affected by XIRP2 (cf. Xeplin, PTPRQ), heroin addiction vulnerability in African Americans (260) and heart disease by XIRP2 (261,262); heart disease by PHACTR1 (263) (cf. LRP6) and PPP1R9A (cf. CHRM-2, -3) (264); bone density by PHACTR1 (cf. LRP4, LRP5); erythropoesis and quality control of mitochondria by BNIP3L; nucleic acid processing by COIL, PAPD5, THRAP3, MEX3B and C1orf86/FAAP20; and diabetes by THRAP3 (cf. CHRM3), PTPRD and IRS2.