PTK2 and renal cell carcinoma: The major findings of our study can be summarized as follows: 1) EphA2 may play critical roles in malignant cellular behavior such as resistance to apoptosis and partially plays a role in cellular invasiveness in non-metastatic RCC cells but not in metastatic RCC cells; 2) FAK/RhoA signaling pathway can function as downstream effectors of EphA2 in non-metastatic RCC cells.