Tumor suppressors that implement check points or damage surveillance of various types might still be required in nematode cells, and many such genes (e.g., p53, PTEN) have been studied for their roles in DNA damage checkpoints and apoptosis (Derry et al. 2001; Liu and Chin-Sang 2015; Schumacher et al. 2001). Here, PTEN is linked to neoplasm.