In crude and multi-adjusted (age, sex, education, stroke, heart disease, SBP, DBP, BMI, and APOE ε4) logistic regression analysis, compared to the HHEX_23-GG genotype, the HHEX_23-AG genotype (adjusted OR 2.36, 95% CI 1.04–5.35 in the KP, and OR 2.13, 95% CI 1.16–3.97, in the SNAC-K) and the AA genotype (adjusted OR 2.41, 95% CI 1.01–5.78, in the KP, and OR 2.36, 95% CI 1.28–3.96, in the SNAC-K) were significantly associated with diabetes in the two cohorts (Table 2). This evidence concerns the gene APOE and diabetes mellitus.