LEP and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: The increasing volume of adipocytes associated with development of adipose tissue inflammation and changes in leptin, resistin, tumour necrosis factor (TNF α), adiponectin, interleukin-6 (IL-6), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) secretion leads, consequently, to obesity-mediated adverse effects on glucose and lipid metabolism, development of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and thrombosis or metabolic syndrome [3].