INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Indeed, in T2D patients, high levels of insulin reduces in the concentration of circulating sex hormone binding protein (SHBG) [36], thus leading to an increase in the levels of bioactive oestrogens which are responsible for the proliferation of both breast and endometrial cells, for the inhibition of apoptosis [37] and, possibly, for the enhancement of hormonal carcinogenesis [34, 38].