CCN1 and Nephroblastoma: In addition, it has been reported that Cx43 expression is associated with an overexpressed connective tissue growth factor/nephroblastoma (CYR61/CTFG/NOV) family of growth regulators (CNN) [21], such as cyr61, which is an immediate, early gene that encodes a cysteine-rich, heparin-binding protein and a proangiogenic factor that mediates diverse roles in development, cell proliferation, and tumorigenesis.