RB1 and urinary bladder cancer: Consistent with the putative antiapoptotic role of RB1 in bladder cancer cells, as observed following ceramide treatment in the aforementioned study by McConkey [56], and in keeping with the above described protective role of RB1 against DNA-damaging agents in several cancer types, loss of RB1 expression was found to be associated with improved response to radiation and relapse-free survival in patients with bladder cancer [110, 111].