ESR1 and cancer: It has been shown that components of the Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway together with the autophagy-related proteins DRAM1 and SQSTM1 lead to enhanced autophagic activity controling migration/invasion in cancer stem cells.18 As we showed increased DRAM1 and SQSTM1 mRNA, we asked whether blocking MAPK pathway activity in ERα-positive cells would result in lowered autophagic flux.