RXRA and urogenital neoplasm: For examples, targeted disruption of RXRα gene leads to skin abnormalities and prostatic preneoplastic lesions (Li et al., 2000b; Huang et al., 2002), while abnormal phosphorylation of RXRα is associated with the progresses of colon cancer and liver cancer (Matsushima-Nishiwaki et al., 2001).