CSF3 and neutropenia: Lipegfilgrastim is a glycoPEGylated, once-per-cycle recombinant human G-CSF expressed in Escherichia coli. It is approved by the European Medicines Agency for reducing the duration of neutropenia and the incidence of FN in adults treated with cytotoxic chemotherapy for malignancy (with the exception of chronic myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes) (Lonquex 2013).