T2DM-GPS was associated with higher fasting plasma glucose (0.04 mM Standard error (SE) = 0.01 mM per risk allele, P<0.0001) and HbA1c (0.21 (SE = 0.07) mmol/mol per risk allele, P = 0.003) and lower insulin secretion (HOMA-B: -1.30 (SE = 0.65) % per risk allele, P = 0.05) (S1 Fig). Here, INS is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.