ATXN1 and hepatocellular carcinoma: It pertains the homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 1 (HIPK1, whose de-SUMOylation promotes tumor necrosis factor α-induced activation of JNK), JNK-induced reduction of oxidant-enhanced SUMOylation of ataxin-1, SUMOylation impact on JNK activation under oxidative stress conditions and JNK-dependent SUMOylation of retinoid X receptor α in hepatocellular carcinoma [43–46].