Neonates of older gestational age and TA7 repeat variants of UGT1A1 (UGTA*28) decreased the risk of hyperbilirubinemia (OR = 0.721, 95%CI: 0.583–0.895, P = 0.003 for gestation age; OR = 0.313, 95%CI: 0.148–0.660, P = 0.002 for heterozygote TA6/TA7), whereas breastfeeding and presence of minor A allele of rs4148323 (UGTA*6) increased the hyperbilirubinemia risk (OR = 2.17, 95%CI: 1.127–4.203, P = 0.02 for breastfeeding; OR = 9.776, 95%CI: 2.812–34.02, P = 0.000 for UGTA*6 homozygote; OR = 3.151, 95%CI: 1.729–5.748, P = 0.000 for UGTA*6 heterozygote). The gene discussed is UGT1A1; the disease is Hyperbilirubinemia.