Based on these univariate associations, model selection for all-cause mortality included HbA1c, CAC, pulse pressure, HDL, eGFR, UACR, diabetes duration, BMI, high blood pressure medication use, insulin use, current smoking, history of CVD, educational attainment (less than high school, high school, greater than high school), WHR, mean arterial pressure, and IMT. This evidence concerns the gene INS and diabetes mellitus.