HMGB1 is ubiquitously expressed at a very high level in the cell (an average of 106 molecules; Catez et al., 2004 ▸) and it is known that it is overexpressed in most tumors, including leukemia, hepatocellular carcinoma and gastric and colorectal adenocarcinomas (reviewed by Müller et al., 2004 ▸). This evidence concerns the gene HMGB1 and hepatocellular carcinoma.