Accordingly, AMPK activity is reduced in many cancers, including breast cancers where AMPK activation was found to be down-regulated in 90% of tumors, and in approximately 20% of non-small cell lung cancers where the AMPK-upstream activating kinase LKB1 is genetically inactivated [14, 17]. The gene discussed is PRKAB1; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.