UBD and cervical squamous intraepithelial neoplasia: Our recent study also provides evidence that FAT10 is one of the downstream molecules in the pathway of inflammation-induced tumorigenesis (Gao et al., 2014) mediating the effect of TNF-α in causing numerical chromosome instability (CIN) (Gao et al., 2014; Ren et al., 2006) through its interaction with the mitotic checkpoint protein MAD2 (mitotic arrest deficient-2) (Liu et al., 1999; Theng et al., 2014) and protecting cells from TNF-α-induced cell death (Ren et al., 2011).