The 276G > T SNP was chosen for this study because it had previously been associated with changes in the adiponectin levels (Heid et al., 2010, Ramya et al., 2013) and traits related to obesity (Lu et al., 2014) and metabolic syndrome (Ouyang et al., 2014), furthermore, the 276G > T effect on biochemical variables had not been investigated in individuals from Southern Brazil. This evidence concerns the gene ADIPOQ and metabolic syndrome.