Recent evidences have demonstrated that gene amplification and/or aberrant expression level of SOX2 play a role in the development and tumorigenesis of many types of cancer including pancreatic carcinoma, prostate, breast, lung, gastric, and esophagus cancers (Gure et al., 2000; Sattler et al., 2000; Sanada et al., 2006; Rodriguez-Pinilla et al., 2007; Chen et al., 2008; Jia et al., 2011; Hütz et al., 2013). This evidence concerns the gene SOX2 and cancer.