Mutations of C19orf12 were also found in a patient with Parkinson disease (Hartig et al., 2012) and post mortem examination of the brain of one MPAN patient revealed Lewy bodies, tangles, spheroids, and tau pathology, indicating a possible overlap between NBIA and more common neurodegenerative diseases. This evidence concerns the gene C19orf12 and neurodegenerative disease.