Depending on its clinical course and disease stage, T2DM involves altered glycemic regulation and hyperglycemia, resistance to insulin actions, inadequate insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells, as well as progressive loss of pancreatic β-cells which is paralleled by deposition of islet amyloid polypeptide, or amylin, as pancreatic amyloid (Kahn et al., 2014). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.