TEX11 and Infertility: To circumvent the inherent problems in the genetic dissection of human infertility as described earlier, we chose to analyze the consequences of mutant human TEX11 alleles in genetically modified mice harboring analogous mutations in murine Tex11. The generation of mice with gene-specific mutations usually relies on gene targeting by homologous recombination in male (XY) embryonic stem (ES) cells and subsequent transmission of the modified allele through the germ line of male ES cell chimeras.