TGFB1 and acute myeloid leukemia: TGF-β level was markedly decreased in ND (median, 3207.9 pg/ml; range 289.79–13883.65 pg/ml) and relapsed-refractory AML patients (median, 2691.4 pg/ml; range, 1953.2–3429.6 pg/ml) compared with the level in controls (median, 9886 pg/ml; range, 6146.2–13626 pg/ml; ***P <0.0001; *P = 0.0011; respectively).