Of these, five tests (products 56, 57, 58, 59 and 60) detected biomarkers such as methylated septin 9, a panel of DNA biomarkers, antibodies against p53 proteins or circulating tumour cells in a sample of blood; two tests (products 61 and 62) use exfoliated cells collected directly from rectal mucosa to measure the concentration of DNA or analyse the alterations in the nanoscale architecture of colonocytes by using a partial wave spectroscopic microscopy instrument; and one test (product 65) detects the amount of cancer-associated carbohydrate in rectal mucus. Here, SEPTIN9 is linked to neoplasm.